Abstract:Objective:To assess the therapeutic effect and opportune time of surgical treatment of hepaticolithiasis. Methods:The clinical data of 92 patients with hepaticolithiasis who underwent surgical treatment were analyzed retrospectively. Results:(1) The incidence of postoperative complications was 14.1%(13/92 cases), in choledochoscopy group it was 9.3%(4/43 cases) and in the noncholedochoscopy group 18.4%(9/49 cases) ; in the emergency operation group it was 36%(9/25 cases) and in selective operation group 5.97%(4/67 cases) . (2) The incidence of residual stones was 22.9%(21/92 cases); in choledochoscopy group it was 13.9%(6/43 cases) and the noncholedochoscopy group 30.6%(15/49 cases); in emergency surgery group it was 36%(9/25 cases) and in selective operation group 17.9%(12/67 cases).(3)One pationt died from ACST two days after operation. All of the patients were followed up for 4-10 years; there were 80 cases (86.9%) who had a good therapeutic outcome. Conclusions:Logical surgical procedure associated with choledochoscopy and appropriate timing of surgical intervention can markedly improve the effect of surgical treatment of hepaticolithiasis and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.