Abstract:Objective:To investigate the clinical treatment principles of asymptomatic cholecystolithiasis. Methods:136 cases of asymptomatic cholecystolithiasis, found on health check-up, were randomly divided into two groups :(1) Preventive cholecystectomy group,66 cases;(2)therapeutic cholecystectomy group,70 cases. The data of postoperative pathologic examination, complications and degree of operative difficulty between the two groups were compared. Results:The postoperative pathologic examination, complications and degree of operative difficulty between the two groups were significantly different(P<0.05~0.025). Conclusions:Preventive cholecystectomy should be selectively implemented for asymptomatic cholecystolithiasis patients,and the performance of surgical treatment should not routinely be undertaken only after the occurrence of one or more complications of cholecystolithiasis.