Objective:To investigate the changes of expression of apoptosisrelated proteins Bcl2, Bax and Fas of the transplantated hepatocytes after intraperitoneal transplantation in rats using porcine hepatocytes cultured with polylactic acidOcarboxymethylated chitosan nanoparticles.Methods :Recirculating collagenase perfusion method was used to isolate porcine hepatocytes. At 48h after Dgalactosamine intraperitoneal injection, 5 mL polylactic acidOcarboxymethylated chitosan nanoparticlescultured porcine hepatocytes embedded in collagen gel (group A) and 5 mL porcine hepatocytes embedded in collagen gel (group B) were transplanted into peritoneal cavity of SD rats, respectively. The amount of transplanted porcine hepatocytes was 5.0×107 hepatocytes in two groups. The expression of Bcl2, Bax and Fas in transplanted hepatocytes three days after transplantation was detected with immunohistochemistry.Results:At 1, 2 and 3d after transplantation, the rates of Bcl2 positive cells in group A was significant higher than those in group B, whereas the rates of Bax and Fas positive cells in group A were significant lower than those in group B (P＜0.05).Conclusions:Polylactic acidOcarboxymethylated chitosan nanoparticles can upregulate antiapoptosis protein expression and downregulate apoptosis proteins expression of xenotransplanted porcine hepatocytes inrats, and the antiapoptosis effect is better.