Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of choledocholithiasis treated by laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy.
 Methods: The operative time, blood loss, time to passage of flatus, hospital stay, and rates of postoperative pain and complications were compared between the laparoscopic surgery group (n=50) and open surgery group (n=50).
 Results: In laparoscopic surgery group, the operative time was longer than that in open surgery group(P＜0.01), whereas the blood loss, time to passage of flatus, hospital stay, rates of postoperative pain and wound infection were obviously lower than those in open surgery group(P＜0.01). There was no significant difference of the rates of bile leakage and residual stone between the two groups(P＞0.05).
 Conclusions: The combined application of laparoscopy and choledochoscopy in the treatment of choledocholithiasis is safe and effective, and with the advantage of less trauma and quick recovery.