Objective: To study the expressive levels of ubiquitin and cul-1 in benign and malignant lesions of gallbladder, and detect their clinicopathological significance.
 Methods: EnVisonTM immunohistochemistry was used to assay the expressive levels of ubiquitin and cul-1 in the convetional paraffin-embedded specimens of adenocarcinoma (n=108), peritumoral tissues(n=46), adenomatous polyp (n=15) and chronic cholecystitis (n=35).
 Results: The positive rates of ubiquitin and cul-1 were significantly higher in adenocarcinoma (51.9%, 48.1%)  than those in peritumoral tissues(21.7%, 15.2%)，adenomatous polyp(13.3%, 6.7%)  and chronic cholecystitis(2.9%,0.0%)(all P＜0.01). The positive cases of ubquitin and/or cul-1 expreesion in the benign lesions showed atypical hyperplasia of epithelia. The positive rates of ubiquitin were significantly lower in the well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and non-metastasic  lymph node than those in the moderately-or poor-differentiated adenocarcinoma and metastasis of lymph node(P＜0.05). And also the positive rates of Cul-1 were significantly lower in the well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, the maximal diameter of mass <2cm,non-metastasis of lymph node and non-invasiness of regional tissues than those in the moderately-or poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma, maximal tumor diameter ≥2cm, metastasis of lymph node and invasiveness of regional tissues  (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). High possitive correlation was found between the expressive levels of ubiquitin and cul-1 in gallbladder adenocarcinoma（P＜0.01）.
 Conclusions: The expressive levels of ubiquitin and/or cul-1 might be closely related to the carcinogenesis, progression, clinical biological behaviors and prognosis of gallbladder  adenocarcinoma.