Objective：To study the methods and outcome of treatment of superior mensenteric venous thrombosis(SMVT).
Methods：The clinical data of 35 patients with SMVT during the last twenty years were studied retrospectively.They were divided into two groups according to the dmission time:  the 1990—2003 group(groupⅠ) and the 2004—2009 group（groupⅡ）. Most patients in group Ⅰreceived surgical treatment, and most patients in group Ⅱreceived anticoagulation and thrombolysis therapy. Treatment modality, hospital stay days,cure rate and mortality between the groups were compared.
Results：The constitution ratio of treatment was significantly different between the two groups （P＜0.01）. The hospital stay days in two groups was （21.8±12.3）d vs.（11.7±6.2）d,the cure rate increased from 58.8% (group I) to 88.9%(group II), and the mortality decreased from 41.2%(group I) to 11.1%(group II). Significant difference were found in treatment,hospital stay days,cure rate and mortality between the two groups（all P＜0.05）.
Conclusions：The cure rate of SMVT has significantly increased in recent period of time. Timely diagnosis and prompt anticoagulant therapy can ensure satisfactory treatment outcomes in patients with SMVT.