Objective: To the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive combined choledochofiberscopic and laparoscopic cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder preservation. Methods: One hundred and twenty-two patients with gallstone and normal gallbladder function scheduled for surgical treatment were randomly divided into observational group (undergoing minimally invasive combined choledochofiberscopic and laparoscopic cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder preservation) and control group (undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy). The gastrointestinal function and gastrointestinal quality of life index (GIQLI) between the two groups of patients before operation, and 2, 4 and 8 weeks as well as 6 months after operation were compared. Results: The time to bowel sounds restoration, and anal flatus and defecation were significantly shortened, and the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reactions and recurrence in observational group were significantly reduced compared with control group (all P<0.05). The GIQLI scores had no significant difference between the two groups before operation (P>0.05), but they were significantly higher in observational group than those in control group at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after operation (all P<0.05), and then the two groups became similar at 6 months after operation (P>0.05). Conclusion: For gallstone patients, combined choledochofiberscopic and laparoscopic cholecystolithotomy with gallbladder preservation has the advantages of faster recovery of gastrointestinal function, and better quality of life in the early postoperative period.