Objective: To investigate the value of indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test in predicting the risk of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after splenectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis from hepatitis C. Methods: The clinical data of 115 patients with liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis C undergoing splenectomy between January 2011 and December 2012 were reviewed. The relationship between the results of preoperative ICG clearance test and postoperative risk of PVT was analyzed. Results: Forty-one (35.65%) of the 115 patients developed PVT after surgery. The incidence of PVT was 20.51% in patients with ICG retention at 15 minutes (ICGR15) ≤10%, was 34.04% in cases with 10%