Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified loop-type biliary-enteric (Warren) anastomosis in children with congenital bile duct dilatation (CBDD). Methods: The clinical data of 51 CBDD children treated form January 2005 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the children, 23 cases underwent modified loop-type bilioenteric anastomosis (observational group), while 28 cases received Roux-en-Y anastomosis (control group). The intra- and postoperative conditions between the two groups of children were compared. Results: In observational group compared with control group, the operative time and intraoperative blood loss was reduced, and the time to bowel sounds recovery and first flatus was shortened (all P<0.05). The differences in liver function parameters on postoperative day 7 between the two group showed no statistical significance (all P>0.05). One case in observational group and 4 cases in control group developed mild bile reflux, and 2 cases in control group developed acute cholangitis respectively after operation, but the incidences of the two postoperative complications showed no statistical difference between the two groups (both P>0.05). Conclusion: The modified loop-type bilioenteric anastomosis is a simple procedure for CBDD, with rapid postoperative recovery and demonstrable short-term efficacy. However, its long-term efficacy requires further observation.