Objective: To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic radical resection of mid/low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy. Methods: The clinical data of 41 patients with mid/low rectal cancer undergoing laparoscopic radical resection after neoadjuvant therapy (observational group) along with 48 patients with the same condition receiving laparoscopic resection alone (control group) during the same period were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical parameters, postoperative recovery and incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups were compared. Results: The preoperative conditions between the two groups were comparable, and no surgery-related death occurred in either group. The number of resected lymph nodes in observational group was significantly lower than that in control group (8.3 vs. 15.2, P<0.01), while the differences in other surgical parameters and postoperative recovery variables as well as the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups showed no statistical significance (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical resection is safe and feasible in patients with mid/low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy.