Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sorafenib administration combined with liver resection in treatment of intermediate/advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Data of patients with intermediate/advanced stage HCC undergoing liver resection and postoperative sorafenib therapy (observational group) from January 2010 to June 2012, along with the data of patients with intermediate/advanced stage HCC receiving surgical resection only (control group) during the same period at West China Hospital of Sichuan University were collected, for 1-to-2 matched case-control study. The survival and tumor recurrence between the two groups were compared. Results: A total of 81 patients were included, with 27 cases in observational group and 54 cases in control group. In observational group and control group up to the end of follow-up (30 September 2013), the median survival time was 18.6 and 11.9 months, and the difference had statistical significance (P=0.014); the median time to recurrence was 7.4 and 5.0 months, and the difference had no statistical significance (P=0.291); the median survival time for BCLC-B patients was 22.3 and 12.5 months, and the difference had statistical significance (P=0.017), while for BCLC-C patients was 17.6 and 10.4 months, and the difference had no statistical significance (P=0.291). Conclusion: Surgical resection plus sorafenib therapy has good efficacy in patients with intermediate/advanced HCC, especially those in BCLC-B stage. So, it is a treatment method deserving consideration.