Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic approach in radical resection of colon cancer and simultaneous resection of liver metastases. Methods: Fifty patients with colon cancer and synchronous liver metastases admitted from March 2009 to April 2011 were selected, of whom 25 cases underwent laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer and simultaneous resection of liver metastases (laparoscopic group) and another 25 cases were subjected to the traditional open surgery (laparotomy group). The intraoperative conditions, postoperative recovery, and postoperative 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rate between the two groups were compared. Results: The intraoperative blood loss, duration of postoperative analgesia, time to first flatus, length of hospital stay, and incidence of postoperative complications were significantly decreased in laparoscopic group compared with laparotomy group (all P<0.05), but no statistical difference was seen in operative time between the two groups (P>0.05). The postoperative 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rate in the two groups of patients had no statistical difference (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Totally laparoscopic resection of colon cancer and synchronous liver metastases is safe and effective, and can achieve the same clinical efficacy as open surgery. Meanwhile, it has the advantages of minimal invasiveness, fast postoperative recovery, and reduced complications.