Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) depends on imaging examination, but imaging examination has a time lag for disease diagnosis. Laboratory test indexes have important value in early detection and helping in the diagnosis of DVT. Since there are a wide variety of test indexes for DVT with different standards in clinical practice, the authors in this article, based on literature review, address some test indexes that include D-dimer, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, VEGF and Slit2 protein, intending to look for highly sensitive and specific test indexes for providing valuable information to assist clinical decision making in diagnosis and treatment of DVT.