Due to complex causes and difficult surgical procedures as well as residue and relapse prone, the treatment of complex biliary stones has always been a thorny problem in hepatobiliary surgical practice. Although the traditional surgical procedure offers demonstrable efficacy, it has shortcomings such as severe surgical trauma that will cause slow recovery and numerous postoperative complications of the patients. With the development and popularization of endoscopic techniques in recent years, minimally invasive approaches have become increasingly prevalent in treatment of complex biliary stones by advantages such as minor trauma and quick recovery. Here, the authors address the progress of minimally invasive treatment of complex biliary stones, to be used for clinical reference .