Objective: To investigate the clinical features, diagnostic methods and treatment results of pancreatic cystic neoplasms, so as to provide reference for use in clinical practice. Methods: The clinical data of 112 patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms admitted from September 2007 to September 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 112 patients, 111 cases (99.1%) were solitary pancreatic cystic tumor; 81 diagnosed cases (72.32%) had no obvious clinical symptoms, and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound, CT, MRI and EUS was 86.61%, 89.11%, 93.88%, and 93.33% respectively, which showed no significant difference among the 4 methods of examination (χ2=1.010, P=0.224). Distal pancreatectomy plus splenectomy was performed in 48 patients (42.86%), pancreaticoduodenectomy in 23 cases (20.54%), distal pancreatectomy with spleen preservation in 13 cases (11.61%), and Beger procedure in 3 cases (2.68%). Postoperatively, pancreatic fistula occurred in 18 cases (16.07%), of whom 7 cases (30.43%, 7/23) underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy, 9 cases (18.75%, 9/48) had distal pancreatectomy plus splenectomy, and 2 cases (15.38%, 2/13) received spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy, and the incidence of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy was significantly higher than that after the other two procedures (χ2=4.767, P=0.010; χ2=5.854, P=0.007). Pathological examination showed that the lesion in 76 cases (67.86%) was benign, and in 36 cases (32.14%) was malignant. The 5-year survival rate in patients with benign tumor was 100%, and the 1-, and 3- and 5-year survival rate in patients with malignant tumor was 86.96%, 52.17% and 26.08%, respectively. Conclusion: The majority of patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms have no obvious clinical symptoms. In most cases the tumors are solitary and located in the body and tail of the pancreas, and imaging examinations have high diagnostic accuracy. Benign pancreatic cystic neoplasms have a good prognosis, while aggressive radical resection should be performed for the malignant ones.