Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) refers to an abnormal widening of the aorta involving both its descending and abdominal segments. It is a highly lethal condition as far as its natural history is concerned and the surgical intervention is difficult to perform. Open surgery is the traditional method for TAAA repair, but with the development of endoscopic technology, hybrid surgery and endovascular therapy represented by fenestrated or branched stent grafts are already showing great promise in treatment of TAAA, and the newly developed octopus technique further enriched the choice of its endovascular therapy. Minimally invasive treatment of TAAA is now gradually becoming possible.