Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer defined as the absence of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), and characterized by onset at a younger age and high incidence of early metastasis. TNBC does not respond to endocrine therapy targeting ER or PR and HER-2-targeted agents, and has accordingly become a challenge in clinical treatment and a hotspot in research of breast cancer. A great number of investigations have been done by scholars for finding new biomarkers of TNBC and thereby improving its clinical diagnosis and treatment. Here, the authors present the recent progress on researches concerning the biomarkers of TNBC both at home and abroad.