Objective: To evaluate the short-term efficacy of combined pharmacological and mechanical thrombectomy (AngioJetthromectomy system) in treatment of acute left iliacofemoral venous thrombosis. Methods: The clinical data of 38 consecutive patients with acute left iliacofemoral vein thrombosis (disease onset less than or equal to 14 d) undergoing combined pharmacological and mechanical thrombectomy in two Vascular Surgery Centers from January 2016 to April 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The immediate effect of thrombus aspiration was evaluated by intraoperative angiography, and the short-term efficacy was assessed by CEAP classification, Doppler ultrasound examination or angiography at 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. Results: Of the 38 patients, 37 cases received urokinase spray during AngioJet thrombus aspiration, 31 cases underwent first-stage iliac vein stenting after thrombus aspiration, and 11 cases were treated with adjunctive catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT). After operation, grade III thrombus clearance (complete clearance) was achieved in 20 patients (47.4%), grade II thrombus clearance (50% to 99% clearance) was obtained in 18 patients (52.6%), and grade I thrombus clearance (<50% clearance) was absent. Varying degrees of hemoglobinuria occurred in 37 patients after operation, which all disappeared within 12 to 24 h. During follow-up, one patient (3.3%) required repeated surgical intervention, and no serious complications related to operation or death occurred. Conclusion: For acute left iliacofemoral vein thrombosis, the combined pharmacological and mechanical thrombectomy has demonstrable short-term efficacy and favorable safety. Combined CDT or stent placement may increase the efficiency of thrombus clearance.