Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of robotic-assisted cholecystectomy (RAC) and traditional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (TLC) in treatment of benign gallbladder diseases. Methods: After systematic retrieval in literature databases, the eligible literature of studies was screened out according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After data extraction, Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Twenty-six studies were finally included, involving 4 004 patients, of whom, 1 833 cases underwent RAC and 2 171 cases underwent TLC. The results of Meta-analysis showed that RAC had prolonged operative time (MD=13.14, 95% CI=4.79–21.50, P=0.002) and increased incidence of incisional hernia (RR=3.59, 95% CI=1.77–7.28, P=0.0004), but reduced intraoperative conversion rate (RR=0.60, 95% CI=0.40–0.92, P=0.02) compared with TLC. However, no significant differences were found in intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, 30 d readmission rate, length of hospital stay and blood loss between the two procedures (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that RAC has similar safety and effectiveness as TLC, but no advantage over TLC.