Aortic dissection (AD), also known as aortic dissecting aneurysm, is characterized by sudden and severe onset and high mortality. In recent years, studies involving changes in inflammatory variables throughout the longitudinal course of AD have suggested that inflammation is closely related to the clinical outcomes of AD, and therefore has a great significance. Here, the authors address the research progress about the association of the characteristics of the time-course of inflammatory response in AD and inflammatory response markers with the clinical outcomes of AD, as well as the connection of inflammatory responses to the aortic wall remodeling after a review of the current literature concerning the relationship between AD and inflammation, so as to provide a basis for implementing inflammation intervention strategies in clinical practice.