Background and Aims: The selection of an appropriate operation method is of great importance for the benign prognosis of patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis. In the past, the implementation of T-tube drainage on the basis of laparoscopic biliary exploration increases the degree of pain in patients, which is not conducive to postoperative recovery. Antegrade nasobiliary drainage has attracted more attention because of its minimally invasive concept. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the feasibility and safety of application of antegrade nasal bile duct in laparoscopic biliary tract exploration with primary closure of the common bile duct. 
Methods: Sixty patients with cholecystolithiasis and concomitant choledocholithiasis underwent laparoscopic biliary tract exploration from January 2017 to June 2018 were selected and randomly assigned to control group and observation group, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in observation group were given nasal biliary drainage and primary closure of the common bile duct, and those in control group underwent T-tube placement and bile drainage. The surgical variables, postoperative recovery conditions, the volume of postoperative bile drainage, the nutritional indicators at 1 week after operation, and the liver function parameters before and 1 year after operation as well as the incidence of complications during 1-year followed-up period between the two groups were compared. 
Results: The operative time and the volume of bile drainage on the first day after operation showed no significant difference between the two groups (all P>0.05). The drainage tube retention time, the time to first anal gas passage, the time to return to normal life, length of postoperative hospital stay and hospitalization costs as well as the volume of bile drainage on postoperative day 2 and 3 were all significantly reduced in observation group compared with control group (all P<0.05). The serum levels of albumin and prealbumin in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group at 1 week after operation (both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in each liver function parameter between the two groups before operation (all P>0.05), which were all significantly improved in both groups one year after operation (all P<0.05), but all showed no significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). The incidence of complications was significantly lower in observation group than that in control group during the 1-year follow-up period (3.33% vs. 26.67%, P<0.05). 
Conclusion: The combined use of antegrade nasobiliary drainage, laparoscopic biliary tract exploration, and primary closure of the common bile duct can shorten the hospitalization time and accelerate postoperative recovery of patients with gallstones and common bile duct stones, and also reduces the incidence of complications to a certain extent. So, it has certain feasibility and safety.