Hypoparathyroidism is one of the most common complications after thyroidectomy, which not only increases the hospitalization time and medical cost, but also leads to reduced postoperative quality of life of patients. Both surgeons and patients hope to avoid the occurrence of permanent hypoparathyroidism as far as possible, so parathyroid autotransplantation as a simple and easy prevention strategy is widely used in thyroidectomy. However, the functional effectiveness of the transplanted parathyroid is not clear, and whether parathyroid gland should be transplanted during operation is still controversial. Aafter literature review, the authors address the application of parathyroid autotransplantation in total thyroidectomy.