Background and Aims Hepatectomy is an important method for the treatment of hepatolithiasis. In recent years, a great progress has been made in the application of laparoscopic hepatectomy. Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery has the advantages of less trauma, rapid recovery and short hospital stay. But there are few clinical studies on application of laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy in hepatolithiasis patients with a previous history of abdominal surgery. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the clinical application value of laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy in hepatolithiasis patients with a previous history of abdominal surgery through a retrospective analysis.Methods The clinical data of 172 patients with hepatolithiasis who underwent laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy from January 2017 to December 2020 in Deyang People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The patients with previous history of abdominal surgery (observation group) and those without previous history of abdominal surgery (control group) were matched using propensity score matching (PSM) at a 1∶1 ratio. The main clinical variables and follow-up results were compared between the two groups of patients.Results There were 43 patients in each group after match, with balanced and comparable baseline data. In observation group compared with control group, the operative time was significantly prolonged (225 min vs. 252 min, P<0.05), but no significant differences were seen in intraoperative blood loss, conversion rate, time to postoperative ambulation, time to postoperative tube removal, length of postoperative hospital stay and incidence of overall postoperative complications (all P>0.05). There were no significant differences in terms of liver function parameters and C-reactive protein levels between the two groups on the first day after operation (all P>0.05). The median follow up time was 21( range 3-48) months, no significant differences were noted in stone clearance and stone recurrence between the two groups during follow-up period (both P>0.05).Conclusion Using laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy for the treatment of hepatolithiasis in patients with a previous history of abdominal surgery is safe, feasible and effective. Although the operative time will be prolonged due to the additional surgical procedures for detachment of the adhesions during operation, it will not increase the adverse impacts on other aspects.