Background and Aims Mesenteric artery aneurysm is a rare type of visceral aneurysm, and most patients are diagnosed due to rupture and hemorrhage of the aneurysm, which is a critical condition with high treatment-related risk. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the diagnosis and treatment strategy of this disease through a retrospective analysis of the clinical characteristics of patients with ruptured mesenteric artery aneurysm.Methods The clinical data and follow-up results of 8 patients with ruptured mesenteric artery aneurysm treated in the Department of Vascular Surgery of Chenzhou First People's Hospital during January 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Results In all the 8 patients, definitive diagnosis of ruptured mesenteric artery aneurysm was made by abdominal CTA or enhanced CT scanning. All patients received emergency surgical treatment, of whom, 6 cases underwent coeliac arteriography and aneurysm embolization, 1 case underwent open surgery due to endovascular treatment failure, and 1 case underwent open surgery directly. All the 8 patients were successfully salvaged. Three patients developed abdominal bloating and pain after endovascular treatment, and was resolved after medical treatment, 1 case developed traumatic pancreatitis after open surgery, and was cured and discharged after medical treatment. There were no complications such as rebleeding, intestinal ischemia, and intestinal necrosis, or requirement for reoperation in all patients during hospital stay. All the 8 patients were followed-up for 12 months, abdominal pain or abdominal distension after regular diets as well as rebleeding occurred in none of them, and reexamination of abdominal CT showed the aneurysms were embolized completely, and the abdominal hematoma was obviously absorbed.Conclusion Clinicians should increase their understanding and awareness of ruptured mesenteric artery aneurysm, so as to and make a timely and correct diagnosis. Both open surgery and endovascular treatment are effective and safe in the treatment of ruptured mesenteric artery aneurysm. The selection of surgical procedures should be determined based on patient's condition as well as the shape and position of the aneurysm.