Abstract:Objective：To investigate the diagnosis and the relationship between its clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and the prognosis of primary colorectal lymphoma. Methods：The clinical data of 20 primary colorectal lymphoma patients who received operative treatment in the past 34 years in our hospital were retrospectively summarized, and the influence of treatment and each clinicopathological factor on prognosis was assessed. Results：Tumor size, lymph node metastasis, invasion of neighboring organs and distant metastasis, and type of operative treatment were significantly related to the survival(P<0.01). Age, sex, single or multiple tumors, degree of cell malignancy in lymphoma tissues and depth of tumor invasion were not independent factors of prognosis(P>0.05).Conclusions：Diagnosis of primary colorectal lymphoma before operation is difficult, and misdiagnosis is common. Operative treatment is the main therapeutic means for colorectal lymphoma. Radical operation combined with chemotherapy can gain a good prognosis.