Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (hCCA) is a malignant tumor originating from the epithelial cells of the bile duct, characterized by high malignancy, significant surgical challenges, high mortality, and poor prognosis, making it one of the most formidable challenges in the field of surgery. In recent years, advancements in surgical concepts and diagnostic and therapeutic techniques have led to improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of hCCA. However, standardizing the management of hCCA, enhancing treatment efficacy, and improving patient outcomes remain pressing issues. To confront these challenges, the Hepatobiliary Surgery Professional Committee of Hunan Medical Association, Hunan Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Biliary Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Biliary Diseases, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Digital Hepatobiliary Medicine, the Hepatobiliary Surgery Professional Committee of Hunan International Medical Exchange and Promotion Association, the Hunan Alliance of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Hunan Alliance for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Malignant Biliary Tumors, and the Hepatopancreatobiliary Disease Research Center of Furong Laboratory, convened a multidisciplinary panel of experts to develop the Hunan expert consensus on comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. This consensus aims to standardize the diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment approach for hCCA, enhance overall diagnostic and therapeutic standards, and ultimately improve the overall prognosis of the disease.