Background and Aims Most of the epidemiological data on hospital-acquired pulmonary thromboembolism (HA-PTE) are from studies focusing on a single disease, but the hospital-wide epidemiological investigation of HA-PTE are still insufficient. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HA-PTE in a hospital-wide setting, so as to provide a reference base for prevention and management of HA-PTE. Methods The clinical and laboratory data of patients with newly diagnosed HA-PTE (case group) in Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 1 to December 31, 2018 were collected, and inpatients without HA-PTE （control group） during the same period were matched by sex, age, Caprini thrombosis risk score at admission and whether undergoing surgery or not as well as the grade of surgery in a 1:1 ratio. The incidence, mortality, relevant clinicopathologic factors, risk factors and potential predictive indicators for HA-PTE patients were analysed. Results Among the 122 942 inpatients in 2018, a total of 68 cases (0.55‰) were diagnosed with PA-PTE and no HA-PTE-related death occurred. There were 42.65% (29/68) HA-PTE cases with concomitant deep venous thrombosis. Majority of HA-PTE cases were from neurology ward (14/68, 20.59%), general surgery ward (11/68, 16.18%) and respiratory ward (8/68, 11.76%). The results of univariate analysis showed that the proportions of cases with diseases of the respiratory system or lung infection and undergoing ICU admission in case group were higher than those in control group (OR=4.60, 95% CI=1.75-12.10, P=0.002; OR=2.38, 95% CI=1.04-5.43, P=0.040; OR=11.00, 95% CI=1.42-85.20, P=0.022), the total length of hospital stay was longer and hospitalization expense was greater in case group than those in control group (OR=1.11, 95% CI=1.05-1.18, P<0.005; OR=1.01, 95% CI=1.00-1.03, P=0.005), and the level of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in case group was higher than that in control group (OR=1.11, 95% CI=1.03-1.20, P=0.004). The results of multivariate analysis revealed that diseases of the respiratory system (adjusted OR=3.58, 95% CI=1.32-9.71, P=0.012) and ICU stay (adjusted OR=11.38, 95% CI=1.38-93.54, P=0.024) were independent risk factors for HA-PTE. Conclusion Patients with diseases of the respiratory system or undergoing ICU stay are high-risk population for HA-PTE. Patients in neurology, general surgery and respiratory wards are at higher risk of HA-PTE. HA-PTE will result in significant prolonged hospital stay and increased medical costs. FDP level may have certain predictive value for HA-PTE.