In hospitalized patients receiving enteral nutrition, the incidence of hyperglycemia is as high as 34.5%, causing significant harm to the patients. In response to the increasing nutritional needs of hospitalized patients each year, understanding the mechanism of hyperglycemia in patients receiving enteral nutrition is crucial for improving the prognosis of these patients. Strengthening the management of hyperglycemia in patients after enteral nutrition by healthcare professionals is of utmost importance. In this article, the authors provide an overview of the current status of blood sugar management after enteral nutrition, the mechanisms of high blood sugar occurrence, and adverse outcomes. Additionally, relevant treatment recommendations are proposed, intending to provide clinical reference and assistance.