Background and Aims Carbon nanoparticles suspension injection (hereinafter referred to as carbon nanoparticles), as a lymph node tracer, has been widely used in thyroid surgery to quickly identify parathyroid glands and avoid inadvertent surgical damage. However, the specific usage methods and standardized technical procedures for carbon nanoparticles in surgery for thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC) are not yet unified. Therefore, this study was conducted to gather the skills, knowledge, and experiences of domestic surgeons regarding the use of carbon nanoparticles in surgery for PTC through a questionnaire survey, so as to provide a basis for the standardized clinical use of carbon nanoparticles.Methods On the basis of literature review, a questionnaire survey titled Methods of utilizing carbon nanoparticles in thyroid papillary carcinoma was designed and distributed to senior and high-volume surgeons engaged in thyroid surgery. After the questionnaires were collected, a synthetic analysis was conducted.Results A total of 107 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, and 105 valid responses were received from 78 tertiary grade A hospitals in 26 provinces. Among the experts surveyed, 91 (86.7%) reported using carbon nanoparticles at a quantity ranging from 100 to 1 000 vials annually. There was a high degree of consensus among the experts, with 53 (50.5%) considering the thyroid gland showing a map-like, mottled, and evenly stained appearance as the best result after injection of carbon nanoparticles. In lobectomy and total thyroidectomy, over 90% of experts believed that intraoperative injection of carbon nanoparticles was the optimal timing. More than 50% of experts suggested an optimal injection dose of 0.05 to 0.1 mL per injection point, with a waiting time of 1 to 5 min after injection, believed that only one injection point was needed for lobectomy, while two injection points were deemed sufficient for total thyroidectomy, and found that the time for negative imaging of the parathyroid glands and central lymph node staining was 1 to 5 min after injection. Over 70% of experts recommended the intraoperative direct visualization injection of carbon nanoparticles in lateral neck lymph node dissection, endoscopic, and robotic thyroid surgeries. The summary of techniques to avoid intraoperative leakage of the tracer included appropriate dilution, fine needle insertion, intact capsule, minimal injection volume, depth control, negative pressure needle extraction, routine compression, sealing the needle track, and maintaining a clean surgical field.Conclusion This study, for the first time, provides an initial understanding of the usage of carbon nanoparticles among surgeons through a questionnaire survey. It offers an experiential summary and generalization of the technical methods employed with carbon nanoparticles. The survey results demonstrate good representativeness, serving as a guiding foundation for future research on the rational and correct use of nano-carbon in in clinical settings.