摘要
提取SEER数据库中2000—2018年期间,经病理确诊的SCCG患者的临床资料。根据纳入和排除标准,严格筛选后共纳入116例,依据是否接受手术将患者划分为手术组和非手术组,比较两组间肿瘤特异生存(CSS)和总生存(OS)的差异,并分析患者CSS与OS的影响因素。
纳入病例的中位年龄64岁(IQR:54~75岁)。其中男35例(30.17%),女81例(69.83%)。手术组63例(54.31%),非手术组53例(45.69%)。中位随访9个月(IQR:3~19.5个月)。手术组63例中,共死亡45例(71.43%),其中肿瘤相关性死亡42例(66.67%)。非手术组53例中,共死亡48例(90.57%),其中肿瘤相关性死亡44例(83.02%)。估算的手术组与非手术组1年OS分别为62.40%和23.70%;估算的手术组与非手术组1年CSS分别为64.81%和26.08%,两组间差异有统计学意义(
小细胞神经内分泌癌(small-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas,SNECs),是一种起源于神经内分泌组织的恶性肿瘤,其多见于肺组织,仅有2%~2.5%的小细胞癌来源于肺外组
美国国立癌症研究所的癌症监测、流行病学和结局(the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results,SEER)数据库是美国恶性肿瘤登记的权威数据库,该数据库详细记录1973年以来美国部分州县大量患者(约占美国人口的28%)的发病、病理、治疗及预后等信息,正是SEER数据库具有样本量大、资料全面等特点,且具有较为完整的随访数据,为少见类型肿瘤的大样本分析提供可
纳入标准:⑴ 患者初诊时为SCCG;⑵ 经病理学确诊;⑶ 确诊年份为2000—2018年;⑷ 病理学类型符合ICD-O-3编码为:“8002/3”、“8041/3”、“8042/3”、“8044/3”、“8045/3”;⑸ 发病年龄不限。排除标准:⑴ 多源性肿瘤;⑵ 经过尸检或死亡证明确诊的病例;⑶ 研究指标无法获取;⑷ 临床或随访信息记录不完整。
本研究中,肿瘤特异性生存期(cancer-specific survival,CSS)和总生存期(overall survival,OS)为研究终点,CSS定义为诊断至随访截止或因SCCG死亡的时长(月),非SCCG死亡和失访患者数据作为删失数据;OS定义为诊断至随访截止或任何病因死亡的时长(月),失访患者作为删失数据。应用Stata/MP 16.0软件和R软件(version 4.1.1,http://www.r-project.org)进行统计分析。正态分布计量资料以均数±标准差()表示,非正态分布计量资料采用中位数和四分位间距(IQR)进行描述,计数资料采用率表示,组间对比采用
经筛选,116例SCCG患者符合条件并纳入分析,中位年龄64岁(IQR:54~75岁);其中男35例(30.2%),女81例(69.8%)。手术组63例(54.3%),非手术组53(45.7%)例。27例(23.3%)接受放疗,76例(65.5%)接受化疗。22例(19.0%)肝脏转移。两组患者在生存时间方面存在差异(均P<0.05)(
中位随访9个月(IQR:3~19.5个月),手术组63例中,共死亡45例(71.43%),其中肿瘤相关性死亡42例(66.67%)。非手术组53例中,共死亡48例(90.57%),其中肿瘤相关性死亡44例(83.02%)。手术组和非手术组的总中位生存时间分别为:16个月(IQR:9~92个月)和7个月(IQR:4~12个月)。估算的手术组与非手术组1年OS率分别为:62.40%和23.70%,Log-rank检验显示两组差异均有统计学意义(

图1 SCCG患者的OS和CSS曲线 A:OS;B:CSS
Figure 1 CSS and OS curves of SCCG patients A: OS; B: CSS

图2 手术对不同亚组SCCG患者预后影响的森林图 A:OS;B:CSS
Figure 2 Forest plots of the influence of surgery on survival in different subgroups A: OS; B: CSS
SCCG临床极为罕见,其发生率约为5.25/10
本研究显示,年龄、肝转移情况、放疗、手术SCCG患者OS的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。肝转移情况、放疗、手术是SCCG患者CSS的独立影响因素。手术治疗能提高SCCG患者的OS和CSS。尤其是年龄<60岁、女性、未婚、无肝脏转移、未接受放疗和接受化疗的患者。Grossman
本研究通过亚组分析发现年龄<60岁、女性、未婚、无肝脏转移、未接受放疗和接受化疗的SCCG患者可能是最佳手术获益人群。Li
本研究仍然存在一些局限性,首先本研究是回顾性研究,选择偏倚是不可避免的。其次SEER数据库是大型肿瘤数据库,容易受编码错误及删失值的影响。再次,纳入研究的病例数中,部分组别病例数较少,构成比不均衡,特别是放疗组中,接受手术治疗的患者过少,极有可能影响检验效能。
综上所述,笔者认为年龄、肝转移情况、放疗、手术是SCCG患者OS的独立影响因素。肝转移情况、放疗、手术是SCCG患者CSS的独立影响因素。手术治疗能提高SCCG患者的OS和CSS,尤其是年龄<60岁、女性、未婚、无肝脏转移、未接受放疗和接受化疗的SCCG患者。
利益冲突
所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突。
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