Volume 22,Issue 5,2013 Table of Contents

Abstract:
Objective: Toinvestigate the value of subcutaneous axillary injection of lipolytic solution before axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. Methods: During March to July 2012, 26 patients with breast cancer were allotted to traditional group (undergoing traditional axillary lymph node dissection) and lipolytic solution injection group (undergoing subcutaneous axillary injection of lipolytic solution before axillary lymph node dissection), with 13 cases in each group. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, preservation of the intercostobrachial nerve and incidence of postoperative axillary leakage between the two groups were compared. Results: In patients of lipolytic solution injection group, the intercostobrachial nerves were all preserved with less intraoperative blood loss, and the differences were statistically significant versus traditional group (both P<0.05). No differences were noted between the two groups in operative time and incidence of postoperative axillary leakage(both P>0.05). Conclusion: Lipolytic solution injection before axillary lymph node dissection is helpful for detection and preservation of the intercostobrachial nerve during surgery,and meanwhile it can reduce intraoperative blood loss. So it has certain application value in axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer.

5 Combined detection of serum ICTP and TRACP 5b for diagnosis of breast cancer bone metastasis

ZHANG Hui , TANG Zhonghua

2013, 22(5):555-559. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.005

[Abstract](379) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.01 M](867)

Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate the value of the combined detection of serum levels of bone turnover markers ICTP (pyridinoline crosslinked C-telopeptides of type I collagen) and TRACP 5b (tartrate-resistand acid phosphatase 5b) for diagnosis of breast cancer bone metastasis. Methods: The serum levels of ICTP and TRACP 5b in 78 patients with breast cancer and 40 patients with benign breast tumors were measured by ELISA assay. The differences in serum levels of the two markers among breast cancer patients with bone metastases, breast cancer patients without bone metastasis and benign breast tumor patients were compared, and the correlation between both levels was also analyzed. Results: The serum levels of both ICTP and TRACP 5b in breast cancer patients with bone metastases were significantly higher than those in breast cancer patients without bone metastasis and benign breast tumor patients (all P<0.001), while both levels between the latter two showed no significant differences (both P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between serum ICTP and TRACP 5b levels in breast cancer patients (r=0.63, P<0.01). For diagnosis of breast cancer bone metastasis, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of serum ICTP detection were 55.3%, 92.5% and 81.4%, those of serum TRACP 5b detection were 84.2%, 83.8%, 83.9%, and the combined detection rates were 94.7%, 81.3% and 85.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Both serum ICTP and TRACP 5b levels have important value for diagnosis of breast cancer bone metastasis, and their combined detection can improve the diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy.

6 Preliminary study of standard operation procedures for establishment of breast cancer tissue bank

JIA Guocong , WANG Jinli , WANG Yaohe , CHANG Qinglong , YANG Hongxing , WANG Ya

2013, 22(5):560-563. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.006

[Abstract](421) [HTML](0) [PDF 990.79 K](1113)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the standard operation procedures (SOP) to establish a breast cancer tissue bank, which can provide a basis for establishment of an integrated and standardized breast cancer tissue bank with information-based management. Methods: The fresh tumor tissues along with their adjacent tissues and distal normal tissues were obtained from breast cancer patients during surgery, and blood samples were also drawn from some of these patients to extract the serum, plasma and lymphocytes. All the tissue samples were cryopreserved. A set of information management principles was adopted to manage the tissue specimens. Results: A total of 520 fresh tissue and blood samples from 22 breast cancer patients were collected, of which, 2 were intraductal carcinoma, 3 were lobular carcinoma in situ, 10 were invasive ductal carcinoma, and 7 were invasive lobular carcinoma. Complete sets of tissue samples were obtained from 19 cases. The average handling time for sample collection and conservation was (19.38±10.16) min. The quality detection results derived from 20 randomly selected tissues showed that 90% of the tissue samples met the requirements for use. Conclusion: The establishment of an integrated breast cancer tissue bank with standardized procedures for collection of biospecimens and information-based management may provide material and information resource for basic and clinical research of breast cancer.

7 Modified procedure for prevention of postoperative subcutaneous fluid collection after mastectomy: a report of 204 cases

ZHENG Xiangxin , GUAN Xiaoqing , WU Ji , GU Shucheng , WU Jianqiang , CHEN Yan , ZHANG

2013, 22(5):564-568. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.007

[Abstract](516) [HTML](0) [PDF 994.54 K](1031)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the preventive measures for subcutaneous fluid collection in breast cancer patients after surgery. Methods: The clinical data of 204 breast cancer patients undergoing mastectomy from January 2007 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the patients, 106 cases (modified procedure group) underwent procedures that included the routine axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), lymph vessel ligation, fixation of the skin flaps to the chest wall, and placement of two drainage tubes for continuous vacuum suction; 98 cases (control group) received traditional procedures, namely the routine ALND, placement of one drainage tube and vacuum suction. The incidences of subcutaneous fluid collection of the two groups after surgery were observed and compared. Results: Nine case (8.5%) in modified procedure group and 21 cases (21.4%) in control group developed subcutaneous fluid collection, respectively; the incidence of subcutaneous fluid collection in modified procedure group was significantly lower than that of control group (χ2=6.796, P<0.05). Complete resolution of the subcutaneous fluid collections in all of the patients was achieved by appropriate managements such as puncture tapping, and drainage tube position adjustment or replacement. Conclusion: The modified surgical procedure can decrease the incidence of subcutaneous fluid collection in breast cancer patients after surgery and with no additional surgical difficulty, so its use is recommended.

8 Endoscopic-assisted versus conventional modified radical mastectomy: comparison of the postoperative health status in breast cancer patients

DU Yaru , ZHANG Weidong , ZHOU Shiping , YE Zhenyu

2013, 22(5):569-574. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.008

[Abstract](323) [HTML](0) [PDF 986.23 K](859)

Abstract:
Objective: To compare the clinical efficacies of conventional modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and endoscopic-assisted MRM (E-MRM) for breast cancer through evaluation of the patients’ postoperative health status that included the physical, psychological and social function. Methods: Seventy breast cancer patients undergoing either one of the two procedures during the same period were selected for investigation. Thirty patients with 15 cases each undergoing MRM or E-MRM were designated as short-term evaluation group, and 40 patients with 20 cases each undergoing MRM or E-MRM designated as long-term evaluation group. The health status of each patient was scored by using the self-rated health measurement scale revision 1.0 (SRHMS V1.0). Results: In short-term evaluation group (within 2 months after surgery), the scores for daily living and physical mobility function, and the aggregate score for physical health subscale in patients undergoing E-MRM were higher than those in patients undergoing MRM at one week after surgery (all P<0.05); the scores for daily living, physical mobility, positive emotion, social resource and contact function, and the aggregate score for social health subscale and SRHMS in patients undergoing E-MRM were higher than those in patients undergoing E-MRM two months after surgery (all P<0.05). In long-term evaluation group (more than two years after surgery), the scores for daily living, physical mobility, positive emotion, social resource and contact function, and the aggregate score for social health subscale and SRHMS in patients undergoing E-MRM were higher than those in patients undergoing E-MRM (all P<0.05). Conclusion: E-MRM has a distinct advantage in postoperative health recovery for breast cancer patients compared with the conventional MRM, so it is a rational and effective procedure for stage I to II breast cancer.

9 Ultrasound image features of ductal carcinoma in situ and their relations with pathological profiles

XIAO Hong , WANG Hong , ZHAO Gang , ZHOU Mei

2013, 22(5):575-579. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.009

[Abstract](466) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.13 M](837)

Abstract:
Objective: To analyze the ultrasound image features of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and their relations with the pathological profiles. Methods: The clinical data of 66 DCIS patients were reviewed, and then the ultrasound image features of the patients and the relationships between the lesion size and calcification, infiltration and Her-2 expression were analyzed. Results: Of the 66 patients, the lumps in 42 cases were larger than 1 cm, which presented as hypoechoic areas with irregular shape and unclear border in the ultrasound image; the lumps in 24 cases were less than or equal to 1 cm, which presented as duct dilation (7 cases), small nodule (9 cases), or gland thickening (8 cases). In DCIS larger than 1 cm, the calcification rate on ultrnsound examination was lower but infiltration and Her-2 positive expression rate were higher than those in DCIS less than or equal to 1 cm (all P<0.05). The coincidence rate of ultrasound examination for diagnosis of DCIS with the final pathological results was 51%. Conclusion: DCIS has its own characteristics in ultrasound images, and the lump less than or equal to 1 cm is often accompanied with calcification, while the lump larger than 1 cm may predict a poor prognosis.

10 Does Hashimoto's thyroiditis have an influence on lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma?

SHI Chenlei , SHI Tiefeng , WU Jiaqi , SUN Yu , QIN Huadong

2013, 22(5):580-584. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.010

[Abstract](488) [HTML](0) [PDF 957.84 K](1076)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the in?uence of concomitant Hashimoto’s thyroiditis on papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) lymphatic metastasis. Methods: The data of PTC patients undergoing surgical treatment within a period of 3 years were retrospectively analyzed and 224 cases meeting inclusion criteria were selected. Patients were divided into observation group (PTC with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, n=45) and control group (PTC only, n=179), and the clinicopathologic profiles and status of lymphatic metastasis of the two group were compared. Results: The proportion of female patients and number of dissected lymph nodes in the central compartment in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (both P<0.05). The differences in average numbers of metastatic lymph nodes in the central compartment and lateral neck between the two groups had no statistical significance (both P>0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that concomitant Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was not associated with central and lateral neck metastasis in PTC patients (both P>0.05). Conclusion: Concomitant Hashimoto’s thyroiditis in PTC patients is not an independent predictive factor for cervical metastasis.

11 Comparative analysis of regional lymph node dissection and ¹³¹I therapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma

GAO Qingkun , KONG Na , REN Ming , ZHAO Zhiming , WU Yan , SONG Chunfang , ZHOU Yi

2013, 22(5):585-589. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.011

[Abstract](484) [HTML](0) [PDF 1002.46 K](946)

Abstract:
Objective: To compare the clinical efficacies between central compartment dissection and 131I ablation for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) following total thyroidectomy. Methods: Three hundred and ninety patients with cN0 PTC treated within five and a half years in our hospital were selected and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Patients underwent either total thyroidectomy plus central compartment dissection (group A) or total thyroidectomy plus 131I ablation (group B) or total thyroidectomy only (group C). Results: The differences in incidences of postoperative complications that included recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, superior laryngeal nerve injury and hypoparathyroidism between group of patients with central compartment dissection (group A) and group of patients without central compartment dissection (group B and C) showed no statistical significance (all P>0.05), and radiation injury associated with 131I therapy in group B was 51.5%. Comparisons in 5-year recurrence and metastasis among the three groups showed that the central compartment recurrence in group A was 0, which was significantly lower than that in group B (7.7%) or group C (13.8%) (both P<0.05). The incidences of lateral neck metastases and elevated serum thyroglobulin with no radiographic evidence presented an increase in ascending order in group A, B and C (1.5%, 6.2% and 9.2%; 3.1%, 7.7% and 15.4%, respectively), and the differences between group A and C had statistical significance (both P<0.05). The average length of hospital stay was longest with the highest hospitalization costs for group B, and the differences had statistical significance versus group A or group C (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid cancer reduces the recurrence rate without an increased risk of complications. 131I treatment cannot completely replace lymph node dissection, and may also increase the associated complications, length of hospital stay and expenses of the patients.

12 Relations of estrogen receptor with papillary thyroid carcinoma and Graves' disease

WANG Lingcheng , WANG Yuming , LI Jinyou , GAO Yingfei , LI Xinqiu

2013, 22(5):590-592. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.012

[Abstract](531) [HTML](0) [PDF 922.53 K](841)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the estrogen receptor (ER) expressions in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and Graves' disease and the significances. Methods: The ER expressions in thyroid tissues from 35 PTC patients and 41 Graves' disease patients as well as 30 normal thyroid tissues (control group) were determined by immunohistochemical staining. The ER expression rates among groups were compared and their relations with age and sex of the patients were analyzed. Results: The ER positive rate in Graves' disease group (9.76%, 4/41) was lower than that in control group (16.67%, 5/30), but the difference did not reach statistical significance (χ2=0.25, P>0.05), while the ER positive rate in PTC group (80.00%, 28/35) was higher than that of control group, and the difference reached statistical significance (χ2=25.92, P<0.05). The ER positive rate in Graves' disease group was not evidently related to sex (χ2=0.62, P>0.05). In PTC group, the ER positive rate in female patients was significantly higher than that in male patients (χ2=4.52, P<0.05), but it was not associated with age of the patients (χ2=1.35, P>0.05). Conclusion: ER expression is reduced in the thyroid tissue of Graves' disease, which may be probably one of the predisposing factors for this condition; ER expression is increased in PTC tissue, which may be one of promoting factors for the occurrence and development of this tumor.

13 Biopsy of lymph nodes alongside of the internal jugular vein in surgery for thyroid cancer

HUANG Guoping , CAI Mingzhi , CAI Lisheng

2013, 22(5):593-596. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.013

[Abstract](396) [HTML](0) [PDF 904.31 K](858)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the features of metastasis in the lymph nodes alongside of the internal jugular vein (IJV) in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and the significance of biopsy of lymph nodes around the IJV during surgery. Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 98 DTC patients (106 cervical sides) undergoing biopsy of the lymph nodes alongside of the IJV in radical thyroidectomy from January 2006 to June 2012 were reviewed. Patients were divided into lymph node metastasis (cN1b) group and lymph node negative (cN0) group according to the preoperative physical and imaging findings, and the data between preoperative examinations and postoperative pathological results were compared. Results: Forty-six (43.4%) of the 106 cervical sides of the lymph nodes alongside of the IJV after biopsy were positive, which included 39 of the 56 sides in cN1b group and 7 of the 50 sides in cN0 group. So, the false positive and negative rates were 28.3% (17/60) and 15.2% (7/46), respectively. Conclusion: DTC frequently metastasizes to the lymph nodes alongside of the IJV. Decision based on preoperative examinations is insufficient to identify whether the lateral neck lymph nodes are involved, so the routine biopsy of lymph nodes alongside of the IJV during radical surgery for DTC is recommended.

14 Surgical management of differentiated carcinoma of thyroid isthmus: a report of 26 cases

YUAN Mu , GUAN Xiaoqing

2013, 22(5):597-600. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.014

[Abstract](356) [HTML](0) [PDF 946.21 K](863)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the surgical strategies for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) of the isthmus. Methods: The clinical data of 26 patients with isthmus DTC undergoing surgical treatment from January 2000 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All of the 26 patients underwent total thyroidectomy with synchronous bilateral level VI lymph node dissection, and of them, 16 cases with deep cervical lymph nodes involvement received simultaneous uni- or bilateral functional/radical neck dissection. No surgical death occurred in the entire group of patients, unilateral superior laryngeal nerve injury occurred in 1 case, unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury occurred in 2 cases, transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in 3 cases and permanent hypoparathyroidism occurred in 1 case. All of the 26 patients were followed up for one year to 12 years, and all were alive. Among them, 7 cases developed lateral neck recurrence and metastasis, and were treated by a second radical neck dissection plus 131I ablation. Conclusion: Total thyroidectomy with synchronous bilateral level VI lymph node dissection is an effective procedure for isthmus DTC, and functional/radical neck dissection should be done when the lateral neck node is involved. Anatomic familiarity and meticulous standardized operation are essentials for avoiding serious complications.

15 Efficacy of ultrasonic scalpel application in thyroid surgery: a Meta-analysis

BAHETI?Kalifu , AIZEZI?Abudoureyimu , SAILIKE?Magaoweiya , HAERMAN?Ajihan , REYIHANG

2013, 22(5):601-607. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.015

[Abstract](372) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.12 M](841)

Abstract:
Objective: To systematically evaluate the application value of ultrasonic scalpel in open thyroid surgery. Methods: The literature of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the use of ultrasonic scalpel in open thyroid surgery was retrieved by searching national and international databases. Data were screened and extracted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and were statistically analyzed by using RevMan 5.2 analysis software. Results: Thirty RTCs were finally included, with a total of 1 527 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with conventional surgery, usage of the ultrasonic scalpel reduced the operative time for either total thyroidectomy or thyroid lobectomy (WMD=–22.73, 95% CI=–29.15––16.32, P<0.00001; WMD=–16.21, 95% CI=–19.74––12.69, P<0.00001), decreased the intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume as well as the postoperative incidence of transient hypocalcemia in total thyroidectomy (WMD=–31.00, 95% CI=–38.85––23.15, P<0.00001; WMD=–12.56, 95% CI=–21.36––3.76, P=0.005; OR=0.59, 95% CI=0.42–0.83, P=0.003). No significant difference was noted in incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy between surgery with ultrasonic scalpel and conventional procedure (OR=1.38, 95% CI=0.70–2.74, P=0.35). Conclusion: The use of ultrasonic scalpel in open thyroid surgery can reduce the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume and incidence of transient hypocalcemia.

16 Prophylactic central neck dissection and local recurrence in papillary thyroid cancer: a Meta-analysis

LI Yujie , HUANG Xiaoe , ZHOU Xiaodong

2013, 22(5):608-612. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.016

[Abstract](421) [HTML](0) [PDF 988.28 K](1089)

Abstract:
Objective: To evaluate whether prophylactic central neck dissection (pCND) can decrease the local recurrence rate of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) after thyroidectomy. Methods: The publicly available literature published from January 2001 to December 2012 concerning total thyroidectomy plus pCND versus total thyroidectomy alone for PTC was retrieved by searching the national and international online databases. Meta-analysis was performed after the data extraction process. Results: Ten studies were finally included with a total of 2 272 patients, of whom, 897 cases underwent total thyroidectomy plus pCND and 1 375 cases received total thyroidectomy only. As shown by the Meta-analysis results, no significant improvements were seen in total thyroidectomy plus pCND compared with thyroidectomy alone group in respects to the overall recurrence rate (OR=0.73, 95% CI=0.49?1.07, P=0.11), and recurrence rates in the central (OR=0.92, 95% CI=0.33?2.51, P=0.86) and lateral neck (OR=1.00, 95% CI=0.50?2.00, P=0.99). Conclusion: For patients with clinically node negative (cN0) PTC, pCND cannot reduce the postoperative recurrence rate.

17 Clinical analysis of parathyroid tumors: a report of 45 cases

XIA Fada , LIANG Huiwen , LI Jindong , HUANG Yun , WANG Zuolu , FENG Tiecheng , ZHOU Y

2013, 22(5):613-617. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.017

[Abstract](474) [HTML](0) [PDF 977.27 K](862)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the diagnosis, preoperative localization, surgical treatment and prognosis of parathyroid tumors. Methods: The clinical data of 45 patients with parathyroid tumors admitted between 2001 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All the parathyroid tumors of the patients were correctly located by B-type ultrasound, and/or CT scan and 99mTc-MIBI, with a sensitivity of 86.7%, 93.8% and 100%, respectively. The 45 patients underwent surgical treatment, and all their lesions were solitary, among which there were 7 left superior, 23 left inferior, 4 right superior, and 11 right inferior parathyroid glands. The postoperative pathology identified that the lesions were parathyroid adenoma (39 cases), adenocarcinoma (1 case) and cyst (5 cases), respectively. The cysts were non-functional, while the adenomas and adenocarcinoma were all associated with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Before surgery, there were varying degrees of serum calcium level increase and serum phosphate level decrease in all of the PHPT patients, 24 cases of whom had a high parathyroid hormone (PTH) level. The serum calcium levels were decreased and serum phosphate levels were increased significantly in these patients after surgery (both P<0.05), and both levels returned to normal within 1 week to 3 months. The high PTH levels were also significantly decreased after surgery (P<0.05), which became normal within 1 to 5 d in 22 cases, and after 1 year in 2 cases. The intraoperative PTH (IOPTH) monitoring indicated that the successful resection rate for adenoma was 100%. Follow-up was obtained in 40 patients for 3 months to 10 years, during which no recurrence or missed lesion was noted. Conclusion: Parathyroid tumors have a slow onset with diverse clinical manifestations. Serum calcium, phosphorus and PTH levels detection are helpful to diagnose PHPT. Ultrasonic examination can be used as the first option for preoperative localization of parathyroid tumors and the localization rate can be enhanced by combination of CT and 99mTc-MIBI. Surgical resection is effective and the first choice for treatment of parathyroid tumors.

18 Aptamer KMF2-1a-based chemotherapeutic drug carrier targeting breast cancer cells

ZHANG Kejing , TANG Lili , SUN Weijia

2013, 22(5):618-623. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.018

[Abstract](1130) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.66 M](3822)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the feasibility of the development of aptamer KMF2-1a-based doxorubicin carrier that targets breast cancer cells. Methods: The internalization efficacies of aptamer KMF2-1a and its modified product (drug carrier) into human breast cancer MCF-10AT1 cells were tested by flow cytometry analysis. The incorporation of doxorubicin into the drug carrier was determined by spectrophotometer analysis after their interaction. Results: Flow cytometry analysis showed that both aptamer KMF2-1a and its modified product could be specifically internalized by MCF-10AT1 cells. Spectrophotometer detection demonstrated that doxorubicin was successfully incorporated into the drug carrier. Conclusion: Aptamer KMF2-1a can be internalized specifically by MCF-10AT1 cells, and it can be potentially used as a doxorubicin carrier after modification for targeted breast cancer therapy.

19 Effects of Rab25 gene on biological behaviors in human breast cancer cells and its relation with Her-2/neu gene

LI Jiehua , WU Fei , LU Yunfei

2013, 22(5):624-628. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.019

[Abstract](577) [HTML](0) [PDF 982.40 K](841)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the effect of the expression level of Rab25 gene on the biological behaviors of breast cancer cells and the relation of its action with Her-2/neu. Methods: The Rab25 gene in different breast cancer cell lines and Her-2/neu gene in different breast cancer cell lines with stable Rab25 gene expression were increased or decreased by using plasmid transfection and RNA interference techniques. The proliferative activity, colony formation and invasive ability in each group of cells were determined. Results: The proliferation activity, colony formation rate, and invasion ability were all significantly increased in groups of cells transfected with Rab25 gene compared with their corresponding groups of cells with Rab25 gene interference, ogrinal cell lines and negative control group of cells (all P<0.05). The proliferation activity, colony formation rate, and invasion ability in different breast cell lines stably expressing Rab25 gene showed no significant alteration regardless of the Her-2/neu gene expression increase or decrease (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Rab25 gene exerts a promoting effect on growth, proliferation and invasiveness in breast cancer cells, and the expression level of Her-2/neu gene can not influence its action.

20 Expression and significance of c-Src in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells resistant to tamoxifen therapy

HU Hao , GU Yuanlong , ZHU Congyuan , HUANG Alei , ZHOU Yanna , LI Jianping

2013, 22(5):629-632. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.020

[Abstract](555) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.09 M](849)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate c-Src expression in breast cancer resistant to tamoxifen (TAM) therapy and its significance. Methods: The expression and phosphorylation level of c-Src in TAM-resistant and sensitive human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were detected by Western blot analysis. The apoptosis in these two cell lines was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double fluorescent staining after treatment with c-Src inhibitor PP2. Results: Compared with TAM-sensitive MCF-7 cells, the levels of c-Src expression and phosphorylation in TAM-resistant MCF-7 cells were significantly increased. After exposure to PP2, the enrichment factor and cell apoptotic rate in TAM-resistant MCF-7 cells were significantly higher than those in TAM-sensitive MCF-7 cells (both P<0.05). Conclusion: There is a higher c-Src expression and activity in human breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines resistant to TAM therapy, which may probably be associated with the mechanism of endocrinotherapy resistance of breast cancer.

21 CD74 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast and its clinical significance

WANG Wenzhong , GUO Hui

2013, 22(5):633-637. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.021

[Abstract](591) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.13 M](978)

Abstract:
Objective: To investigate CD74 expression in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast and its clinical significance. Methods: The CD74 expression along with the expressions of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and c-erbB-2 in 45 IDC tissues were determined by immunohistochemical staining, and then the relations of CD74 expression with the expressions of ER, PR and c-erbB-2 as well as with the clinicopathologic profiles and prognosis of the patients were analyzed. CD74 expression in three breast cancer cells that were MB-MDA-435 cells (highly invasive), MCF-7 cells (low invasive) and CD74 expression plasmid transfected MCF-7 cells were observed, and then the invasion abilities of the three cells were tested by Transwell assay. Results: In IDC, CD74 expression level was significantly related to pathologic grade of IDC, which was the poorer the differentiation of cancer cells, the higher was the expression of CD74; the CD74 expression rate in receptor-positive group was significantly lower than that in receptor-negative group; the expression rate of CD74 in triple-negative breast cancer was significantly higher than that in non-triple-negative breast cancer; the rate of lymph node metastasis in CD74 positive patients was higher than that in CD74 negative cases; CD74 expression was not related to 5-year survival rate of patients. CD74 expression intensity in highly invasive MB-MDA-435 cells was significantly higher than that in low invasive MCF-7 cells, while the invasive ability of MCF-7 cells was increased after transfection with CD74 expression plasmid. Conclusion: CD74 may play an important role in invasion and lymph node metastasis of breast cancer, and it may also be a potential marker for high invasive breast cancer, especially the triple-negative breast cancer.

22 Diagnosis and treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer: current status and post-guidelines prospective

ZENG Fanyu , ZHANG Xianlan

2013, 22(5):638-642. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.022

[Abstract](419) [HTML](0) [PDF 951.28 K](1019)

Abstract:
This paper overviewed the diagnosis and treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) regarding the current status and post-guidelines prospective. The current status of DTC diagnosis and treatment is summarized in respects of preoperative diagnosis, operation method, 131I treatment and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) inhibiting therapy, etc. Post-guidelines prospective analysis involved the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis, surgical indications and scope, basis of adjuvant therapy and postoperative follow-up surveillance.

23 Using vimentin as a potential molecular target for cancer therapy: recent progress

CAO Xiaozhong , LI Jin , GUO Baoliang

2013, 22(5):643-648. DOI: 10.7659/j.issn.1005-6947.2013.05.023

[Abstract](493) [HTML](0) [PDF 929.47 K](1109)

Abstract:
Vimentin is an important member of the intermediate filament (IF) proteins family, which has been found to be overexpressed in a variety of tumors. This paper overviews the progress in researches concerning vimentin as a novel molecular target for cancer therapy and the main contents include: the secretion and regulation of vimentin, and its subcellular distribution and export to cell surface; relationship between vimentin and cell signaling pathways; relations of vimentin with various cancers and the target sites of vimentin for drugs.

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Volume 22,Issue 5,2013 Table of Contents

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