ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of cholangioenterostomy without stent tube drainage. MethodsIn this study 52 cases anastomosed without stent tube drainage (group A) and 56 cases with stent tube drainage (control,group B) were included. The patients′course of therapy and recovery, postoperative followup and reoperation were compared between group A and B. ResultsThe rate of bile leakage was 5.8% (3/52) in group A and 3.6%(2/56) in group B, respectively ,which was not significant（P﹥0.05）. In group A the length of time of fasting, use of drug therapy and hospital stay of patients was significantly shorter（P﹤0.01） and the postoperative complications were lower（P﹤0.05） than those in group B. On postoperative followup, the rates of biliary infection, recurrence of gallstone, adhesions and reoperation of group A and B were 4.4% and 20.4% （P﹤0.05）, 2.2% and 8.16% （P﹥0.05）, 4.4% and 20.4% （P﹤0.05）, 2.2% and 16.3% （P﹤0.05）, respectively. In group B there were 8 reoperated cases, of which 4 cases had recurrent gallstones, and 5 cases had inflammatory hyperplasia and sclerosis of the anastomosis. ConclusionsCholangioenterostomy without stent tube drainage, and with improvement in technique of anastomosis is safe and effective. This method has less postoperative complications, faster recovery and satisfactory longresults and is easily accepted by patients.