Objective:To study the rational  treatment of spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma(SRHCC).
Methods:The clinical data of 46 patients with SRHCC treated by 3 operation strategies during five and a half years were retrospectively analyzed.
Results:Compared with non-SRHCC matched selective operation group(group B), emergency hepatectomy (group A) had more complications and high mortality,but the long-term survival was not significantly different(P＞0.05). Compared with non-SRHCC matched selective operation group (group),second stage hepatectomy (group C)had similar rate of complications and mortality,but the long-term survival was worse(P＜0.05). Compared with group C,group A had more complications and higher mortality, but the long-term survival rate was better(P＜0.05).
Conclusions: The patients with SRHCC should be managed individually. Emergency hepatectomy is safe and effect, it can be recommended in selected patients.