Objective：To explore the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT).
Methods：The clinical data of 15 PHPT patients and 26 SHPT patients admitted to our hospital in 19 years were analyzed. Diagnosis relied on serology, imaging, 99mTc-MIBI and clinical manifestations. Patients were given surgical and non-surgical treatment according to the different conditions.
Results：Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) of 41 patients was elevated, serum calcium of PHPT patients was elevated, and serum calcium of SHPT patients was reduced. Ultrasonography and 99mTc-MIBI in diagnostic accuracy was 73.17% and 85.71% respectively.  Fifteen patients with PHPT and 3 patients with SHPT underwent surgery, with no one case of recurrence. Twenty-three patients with SHPT underwent non-surgical treatment, with alleviation of disease process in all cases.
Conclusions：PTH and serum calcium is the main basis for qualitative diagnosis of HPT, localization diagnosis relies on Ultrasonography and 99mTc-MIBI. Surgical treatment is effective for PHPT. Patients with SHPT can mainly undergo non-surgical treatment, and choose surgery only when non-surgical treatment is ineffective.