Objective：To study the influences of the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progestogerone receptor (PR) on neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic (NACT) efficacy of breast cancer (BC). Methods：The expressions of ER and PR in 52 cases of breast cancer tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining before and after NACT, and the correlation between the expression of ER and PR and the efficacy of NACT on BC were analysed. Results：After NACT, the efficacy rate of ER (-) BC patients was 85.0%, which was significantly higher than that of ER (+) patients (56.3%) (P﹤0.05)； the efficacy rate of PR (-) BC patients was 80.0%, which was significantly higher than that of ER (+) patients (51.6%) (P﹤0.05). Conclusions：NACT has more beneficial effects on ER (-) and PR (-) BC patients than those of ER (+) and PR (+) patients. The levels of ER and PR may predict the efficacy of NACT and may be as a guide to the individualized adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patient.