Objective: To create a prosthetic abdominal aortic aneurysm in dogs and then determine its biological function and biocompatibility, so as to provide an animal model for the experimental study of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Methods: Two types of artificial blood vessels (29 mm and 6 mm in diameter) were anastomosed with 1-0 suture to fabricate a fusiform prosthetic aneurysm that was then interposed in the abdominal aorta of dog. The biological function and biocompatibility of the graft were detected 5 months after operation. Results: The success rate of model establishment was 76.9% (10/13). he whole operating time was (2±0.5) h, in which the vessel anastomotic time was (50±12) min. Five months later, the blood flow in prosthetic aneurysm was patent, and there was no bleeding in the body or blood clots in the lumen of the prosthetic aneurysm. The outer layer of prosthetic aneurysm was enclosed by soft tissue and the inner layer of the prosthetic aneurysm was covered with vascular endothelial cells. Conclusions: This prosthetic abdominal aortic aneurysm has satisfactory biological function and biocompatibility, and this animal model can be used for experimental study of abdominal aortic aneurysm.