Objective: To investigate the relationship between XbaI polymorphism of apolipoprotein B (ApoB) gene and cholelithiasis through comparison of the allele and genotype distribution frequencies at XbaI site of ApoB gene by Meta-analysis. Methods: A literature search was performed regarding the relation of XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene with gallstone. All trial data were combined and analyzed according to the Meta-analysis methodology using CMA2.0 software, and the publication bias of pooled studies was also assessed. Results: Thirteen related studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected, with 1 672 cases in gallstone group and 1 923 subjects in control group. The results of Meta-analyses showed that in Asian population, the frequency of X+ allele was significantly increased (OR=2.76, 95% CI=2.12–3.59), but the frequency of X–/– genotype was significantly decreased in gallstone group compared with control group (OR=0.35, 95% CI=0.27–0.47) (both P<0.05). Assessment found no evidence of publication bias that confirmed stability of this Meta-analysis. Conclusion: XbaI polymorphism of ApoB gene is associated with gallstone occurrence among Asians, in which the X+ allele is a risk factor and the g X–/– genotype is a protective factor.