Objective: To investigate the imaging characteristics, causes and treatment of Stanford type B acute aortic dissection with proximal false lumen thrombosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical and follow-up data was performed in 6 patients, who were admitted between January 2010 and October 2012 in the department of vascular and endovascular surgery of the first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university, and diagnosed as Stanford type B acute aortic dissection with thrombus formation in the proximal false lumen that was confirmed by CT angiography over 64 slices. Results: All the 6 patients were discharged from hospital after 2- to 4-week conservative medical treatment. Dynamic CTA review, during the follow-up period of 6 months to 2 years, showed that the thrombi in the false lumen were gradually formed and gradually absorbed in a proximal to distal order. Conclusion: Stanford B acute aortic dissection with proximal false lumen thrombosis is in hemodynamically stable status and requires no performance of endovascular aortic repair (EVER). Conservative medical treatment is the first appropriate option for this condition under the premise of close follow-up with imaging assessment.