Objective: To analyze the factors affecting stone recurrence in patients with gallbladder stones and concomitant common bile duct stones after endoscopic treatment. Methods: The clinical and follow-up data of 99 patients with gallbladder stones and concomitant common bile duct stones undergoing endoscopic treatment(51 cases undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy plus common bile duct exploration and 48 cases undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy plus endoscopic sphincterotomy) from January 2010 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The related factors affecting stone recurrence were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Stone recurrence occurred in 19 patients after operation, and the recurrence rate was 19.19%. Univariate analysis showed that postoperative stone recurrence was significantly associated with the factors that included age, jaundice, bile duct dilation, common bile duct diameter, stone maximum diameter and number, inflammation of the pancreas and procedure type(all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified that age (OR=2.692, P=0.011), common bile duct diameter (OR=2.249, P=0.022), stone number(OR=2.647, P=0.017), maximum diameter of the stone (OR=2.348, P=0.009), combined inflammation (OR=2.801, P=0.013) and procedure type (OR=2.421, P=0.018) were the independent risk factors for stone recurrence. Conclusion: Postoperative stone recurrence in patients with gallbladder stones and concomitant common bile duct stones undergoing endoscopic treatment is affected by many factors, so the relevant measures should be tailored to specific conditions to reduce stone recurrence.