Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of left lateral hepatic lobectomy combined with choledochoscopic lithotomy for left intrahepatic duct stones. Methods: The clinical data of 52 patients with left intrahepatic duct stones treated from February 2009 to February 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the patients, 27 cases undergoing left lateral hepatic lobectomy plus choledochoscopic lithotomy were taken as observational group, and another 25 cases undergoing left lateral hepatic lobectomy with choledocholithotomy served as control group. The intraoperative blood loss, operative time, postoperative complications and short-term efficacy between the two groups of patients were compared. Results: In observational group and control group, the intraoperative blood loss was (372.73±165.82) mL and (407.80 ± 202.77) mL, operative time was (191.63±38.84) min and (206.83±40.37) min, and incidence of postoperative complications was 11.1% and 16.0%, respectively, and all the differences had no statistical significance (all P>0.05). In observational group, the incidence of postoperative residual stones was lower and the excellent or good rate of treatment was higher than that in control group (3.70% vs. 20.0%; 92.59% vs. 80.0%), and the differences reached statistical significance (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Left lateral hepatic lobectomy plus choledochoscopic lithotomy for left intrahepatic duct stones is safe and effective, so it is appropriate for clinical use.