Objective: To investigate the feasibility and safety of breast conserving surgery for early-stage breast cancer with the assistance of INTRABEAM intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT). Methods: Seventeen eligible female patients with early-stage breast cancer were enrolled from November 2012 to July 2013, and all of them underwent IORT-assisted radical breast conserving surgery. The surgical site condition, incidence of local complications and acute radiation injury in the patients were observed after surgery, and the cosmetic results of the breast and short-term therapeutic efficacy were assessed through follow-up clinical visits. Results: IORT-assisted radical breast conserving surgery was completed in all patients with a median intraoperative irradiation time of 25 (20–35) min. Four patients (23.5%) needed external whole-breast irradiation after operation. The main early postoperative complications included excessive fluid in the residual dead space (11.8%), and evident redness and swelling of the skin of the breast (17.6%). No evident hematoma in the residual dead space or wound infection was noted in any of the patients, and all patients tolerated the intraoperative irradiation well. The early follow-up survey showed that the good cosmetic rate of the affected breast after surgery was 76.5%, and there was 100% rate of relapse-free survival, metastasis-free survival and overall survival. Conclusion: IORT-assisted radical breast conserving surgery is relatively safe and reliable for selected patients with early-stage breast cancer.