Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of cholecystocolonic fistula. Methods: The clinical, pathological and follow-up data of 14 patients with cholecystocolonic fistula, who were discovered among 8 235 patients admitted for gallbladder stones over the past 15 years in Xiangya hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The incidence of cholecystocolonic fistula in cholelithiasis patients was 0.17% (14/8235). Of the 14 patients, 2 cases (14.28%) were correctly diagnosed before operation, the other cases were found during operation; one case had internal fistula formation between the residual gallbladder and the transverse colon, 2 cases had internal fistula formation between the body of gallbladder and the transverse colon, the fistulous opening of the gallbladder in one case was uncertain due to atrophy of gallbladder, and in the other 10 cases, the fistulous tracts were all located between the fundus of the gallbladder and the transverse colon. All 14 patients underwent cholecystectomy, 12 patients had primary repair of colonic fistula and 2 patients received partial colectomy and anastomosis. Postoperative infection occurred in 2 patients (7.14%), of which one was wound infection and the other was subphrenic infection. Conclusion: In patients with a high suspicion of cholecystocolonic fistula, using ERCP and other examinations may help improve its preoperative detection rate.