Objective: To establish a canine model of chronic deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limbs. Methods: Nine mongrel dogs were used, in which, the femoral vein on one side was selected at random and narrowed down by 80% to 90% of the lumen area, and the femoral vein on contralateral side served as control; a catheter was inserted from the branch of the femoral vein at the distal end of the narrowing site, followed by 300 U thrombin injection and then underwent blood flow blockage for 1 h; the catheter was indwelled for venography pathway. The general conditions of lower limbs of the dogs after operation were observed, the parameters of coagulation function before and after operation were compared, and the prograde angiographic and pathological examinations were performed. Results: Model creation was successfully performed in 8 of the 9 dogs. After that, claudication and increased skin temperature of the affected lower limb were observed in all of them; the D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were significantly increased and the prothrombin time was significantly decreased in the dogs after operation compared with their values before operation, and all these variables along with the difference in leg circumferences between affected and control side reached their peak values on postoperative day (POD) 14, and then gradually alleviated (all P<0.05); the chronic venous thrombosis was verified by both venography and pathological examination on POD 28. Conclusion: The established chronic DVT model is relatively relevant to the cause and process of thrombosis in clinical setting, and also offers a continuous access to venography. So it can be used for studies on clinical treatment and imaging diagnosis of DVT.