Arteries and veins are different not only in their structure and function, but also in gene content. The molecular fingerprints EphrinB2/EphB4 play a vital role in angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. Selective intervention of one of the components of the EphrinB2/EphB4 signaling pathways may be helpful in the treatment of the specific intimal hyperplasia in blood vessels. Therefore, the studies on the expression regulation of EphrinB2/EphB4 and the related signaling pathways are particularly important.