Pancreatic carcinoma is a highly malignant digestive tumor associated with an extremely poor prognosis, and its early diagnosis and early treatment have always been the study focus areas and difficult tasks for scholars at home and abroad. As the investigations into pancreatic carcinoma deepen, the therapeutic concept of pancreatic carcinoma is also advancing from the pure surgery-first to multidisciplinary collaborative practice model. Neoadjuvant therapy of pancreatic carcinoma is emerging, and it is hoped to effectively prolong the survival time of the patients. However, no consensus has yet been reached with regard to its therapeutic strategy making, regimen selection, treatment cycles or therapeutic effect prediction. Many problems still need to be objectively verified by a series of randomized controlled trials with large sample size, and to the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in improving the long-term survival of pancreatic carcinoma patients should be further objectively assessed.