Angiogenesis is closely related to the development and progression of many refractory diseases, and its imbalance can lead to angiogenesis-related diseases. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play essential roles in the processes of angiogenesis and disease progression, and in-depth studies of their specific actions and molecular mechanisms will give new hope to these diseases. Here, the authors address the roles and mechanisms of EPCs in angiogenesis-related diseases, so as to provide novel insights and research directions for prevention and treatment of clinical diseases.