微创入路腹膜后胰腺坏死组织清除术:操作技术与围术期管理
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中南大学湘雅医院 普通外科胰腺外科/国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心(湘雅),长沙 410008

作者简介:

朱帅,中南大学湘雅医院副主任医师,主要从事胰腺疾病方面的研究。

基金项目:

湖南省自然科学基金面上基金资助项目(2023JJ30885)。


Minimal access retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy: operative techniques and perioperative management
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Department of Pancreatic Surgery General Surgery/National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China

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    摘要:

    微创入路腹膜后胰腺坏死组织清除术(MARPN)是基于肾镜或软质内镜等可视化设备,以窦道作为手术路径,对腹膜后、胰周坏死组织进行清除的一种治疗感染性胰腺坏死(IPN)的微创手术方法,但其普及性仍有待提高,其适应证、具体技术细节、术后管理等方面还需进一步研究和探讨。在国内外一些大规模的胰腺外科中心,包括笔者所在中心,MARPN已经成为治疗IPN的主要手段,并且从已发表的数据来看均取得了较好疗效。笔者所在中心经过多年的探索和实践,对于MARPN已积累大量病例和经验,并对手术的步骤、流程和技术细节进行了标准化和规范化。在此,笔者就MARPN的操作技术及围术期管理进行介绍,以期该技术更为广泛、安全、有效地开展。

    Abstract:

    Minimally access retroperitoneal pancreatic necrosectomy (MARPN) is a minimally invasive surgical approach for the treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN), in which necrotic tissue behind the peritoneum and around the pancreas is cleared using visualized equipment such as nephroscope or flexible endoscope, with the sinus tract as the surgical pathway. However, its popularity still needs to be improved, and further research and discussion are needed on its indications, specific technical details, and postoperative management. In some large-scale pancreatic surgery centers at home and abroad, including the authors' center, MARPN has become the main means of treating IPN, and from the published data, it has shown good therapeutic effects. After years of exploration and practice, the authors' center has accumulated a large number of cases and experiences in MARPN surgery and standardized the steps, procedures, and technical details of the surgery. Here, the authors introduce the operative technique and perioperative management of MARPN, hoping to promote the wider, safer, and more effective implementation of this technique.

    图1 MARPN手术器械Fig.1 The surgical instruments used in MARPN
    图2 患者手术体位及防水措施 A:使用沙袋抬高手术侧;B:使用黄色塑料袋保护手术区域;C:常规消毒铺巾;D:手术区域覆盖脑外科引流膜;E:手术台下备水盆,冲洗液引流至盆内;F:手术医生采用坐姿进行手术Fig.2 Figure 2 Patient positioning and waterproof measures A: Elevating the operative side with a sandbag; B: Protecting the surgical area with yellow plastic films; C: Standard disinfection draping; D: Covering the surgical area with neurosurgical drainage film; E: Water basin placed beneath the operating table, with irrigation fluid draining into the basin; F: Operating surgeon adopting a seated position for the surgery
    图3 建立手术路径 A:经引流管置入导丝;B:退出原引流管;C:以导丝为中心切开皮肤;D-F:不同型号扩张器由小至大扩张窦道;G-I:置入导管鞘,建立手术通道Fig.3 Establishing surgical pathway A: Insertion of guidewire through the drainage tube; B: Removal of the original drainage tube; C: Incision of the skin centered around the guidewire; D-F: Gradual dilation of the sinus tract using dilators of different sizes from small to large; G-I: Placement of the cannula sheath to establish the surgical channel
    图4 手术操作 A:肾镜经窦道进入坏死腔进行手术;B:坏死腔;C:使用取石钳清除坏死组织;D:手术清除的腹膜后坏死组织Fig.4 Surgical procedure A: Nephroscope entering the necrotic cavity through the sinus tract for surgery; B: Necrotic cavity; C: Use of stone forceps to remove necrotic tissue; D: Necrotic tissue removed from the retroperitoneum
    图5 置入引流管 A:经导管鞘置入导丝;B-C:经导丝引导置入引流管,拔除导丝;D:将引流管置入脓腔深处Fig.5 Placement of drainage tube A: Guidewire insertion through the cannula sheath; B-C: Insertion of the drainage tube guided by the guidewire, followed by guidewire removal; D: Placement of drainage tubes deep into the abscess cavity
    图6 引流管及固定方法 A:多功能引流管;B:3M胶布剪成“E”字形;C-E:胶布螺旋固定引流管Fig.6 Drainage tube and fixation method A: Multi-functional drainage tube; B: 3M tape cut into an E shape; C-E: Spiral fixation of the drainage tube with tape
    图1 MARPN手术器械Fig.1 The surgical instruments used in MARPN
    图2 患者手术体位及防水措施 A:使用沙袋抬高手术侧;B:使用黄色塑料袋保护手术区域;C:常规消毒铺巾;D:手术区域覆盖脑外科引流膜;E:手术台下备水盆,冲洗液引流至盆内;F:手术医生采用坐姿进行手术Fig.2 Figure 2 Patient positioning and waterproof measures A: Elevating the operative side with a sandbag; B: Protecting the surgical area with yellow plastic films; C: Standard disinfection draping; D: Covering the surgical area with neurosurgical drainage film; E: Water basin placed beneath the operating table, with irrigation fluid draining into the basin; F: Operating surgeon adopting a seated position for the surgery
    图3 建立手术路径 A:经引流管置入导丝;B:退出原引流管;C:以导丝为中心切开皮肤;D-F:不同型号扩张器由小至大扩张窦道;G-I:置入导管鞘,建立手术通道Fig.3 Establishing surgical pathway A: Insertion of guidewire through the drainage tube; B: Removal of the original drainage tube; C: Incision of the skin centered around the guidewire; D-F: Gradual dilation of the sinus tract using dilators of different sizes from small to large; G-I: Placement of the cannula sheath to establish the surgical channel
    图4 手术操作 A:肾镜经窦道进入坏死腔进行手术;B:坏死腔;C:使用取石钳清除坏死组织;D:手术清除的腹膜后坏死组织Fig.4 Surgical procedure A: Nephroscope entering the necrotic cavity through the sinus tract for surgery; B: Necrotic cavity; C: Use of stone forceps to remove necrotic tissue; D: Necrotic tissue removed from the retroperitoneum
    图5 置入引流管 A:经导管鞘置入导丝;B-C:经导丝引导置入引流管,拔除导丝;D:将引流管置入脓腔深处Fig.5 Placement of drainage tube A: Guidewire insertion through the cannula sheath; B-C: Insertion of the drainage tube guided by the guidewire, followed by guidewire removal; D: Placement of drainage tubes deep into the abscess cavity
    图6 引流管及固定方法 A:多功能引流管;B:3M胶布剪成“E”字形;C-E:胶布螺旋固定引流管Fig.6 Drainage tube and fixation method A: Multi-functional drainage tube; B: 3M tape cut into an E shape; C-E: Spiral fixation of the drainage tube with tape
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朱帅,魏伟,黄耿文.微创入路腹膜后胰腺坏死组织清除术:操作技术与围术期管理[J].中国普通外科杂志,2024,33(3):321-329.
DOI:10.7659/j. issn.1005-6947.2024.03.002

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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-27
  • 最后修改日期:2024-02-12
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-04-10