Background and Aims Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is relatively uncommon after liver transplantation, but it poses a significant risk factor for graft function loss. This study investigated the occurrence of AMR after liver transplantation, its relationship with biliary strictures, and the associated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.Methods The clinical data from 203 patients who underwent brain death donation liver transplantation at the First People's Hospital of Kunming from January 2016 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 203 liver transplant recipients, 20 cases developed acute rejection after transplantation, including 7 cases of AMR and 13 cases of T-cell-mediated acute rejection (TCMR). Additionally, 18 cases had biliary strictures. Among patients with acute rejection, 6 cases (30.0%) developed biliary strictures, while among those without acute rejection, 12 cases (6.6%) developed biliary strictures, indicating a significantly higher incidence in the former group (P=0.002). In the AMR group, 5 cases (71.4%) developed biliary strictures, of whom 3 cases had concomitant biliary strictures at the time of acute AMR diagnosis and were treated accordingly, while 2 cases developed biliary strictures during the one-year follow-up after AMR treatment. Only 1 TCMR patient (7.7%) developed biliary stricture 3 years after operation， the incidence of biliary strictures in AMR patients was significantly higher than in TCMR patients (P=0.007). Among the 7 AMR patients, one experienced rapid deterioration of liver function within two months after transplantation, leading to death despite steroid pulse therapy. The remaining 6 patients, after managing biliary strictures and receiving AMR-specific treatment, showed normalization of liver function.Conclusion AMR after liver transplantation increases the risk of biliary strictures. For patients with acute AMR and concurrent biliary strictures, prompt consideration of AMR diagnosis and corresponding treatment is essential, in addition to ensuring biliary drainage.