Background and Aims The application of robotic surgery systems in thyroid surgery has effectively promoted the development of minimally invasive thyroid surgery. Currently, the most commonly used system is the Da Vinci robotic surgical system. However, its high equipment cost limits the widespread adoption of robotic thyroid surgery. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the safety and efficacy of the domestically manufactured robotic surgical system in the treatment of thyroid cancer, so as to provide reference for its clinical application. Methods The clinical data of 211 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma who underwent thyroidectomy at the Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the 960th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army from May 2023 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 42 patients underwent robotic surgery with the Tumai ^? robotic surgical system (domestic robot group), and 169 patients underwent surgery with the Da Vinci robotic system (Da Vinci robot group). After balancing the baseline data of the two groups of patients using propensity score matching (PSM), the surgical and postoperative outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results All surgeries were successfully completed, and there were no conversions to open surgery in either group. Before PSM, there was a statistical difference in gender between the two groups ( P<0.05). After 1∶1 PSM, 41 patients were included in each group, and there were no statistically significant differences in baseline data between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the Da Vinci robot group, the domestic robot group had significantly longer average total operative time, assistant preparation time, and surgeon operation time (193.68 min vs. 138.85 min, P=0.00; 43.32 min vs. 37.9 min, P=0.00; 150.37 min vs. 100.95 min, P=0.00), and a reduced number of lymph node dissection (10.41 vs. 8.32, P=0.03). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the number of lymph node metastases, postoperative drainage volume, postoperative drainage time, postoperative hospital stays, incidence of postoperative complications, pain score, cosmetic satisfaction results, and primary surgeon evaluation (all P>0.05). Conclusion The domestically manufactured robotic surgical system is safe and effective in the treatment of selective thyroid cancer patients, providing a new option for patients