Acute pancreatitis is one of the common acute abdominal conditions in the digestive system, and its incidence is on the rise. Although approximately 80% of cases involve mild patients without local complications, some patients develop local complications in the later stages of the disease, such as pancreatic pseudocysts and walled-off necrosis. Among these, infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is the most severe, with a mortality rate of up to 30%. In recent years, treatment approaches centered around minimally invasive surgery have achieved promising results; several recent clinical trials have also provided substantial new insights into the surgical diagnosis and treatment of IPN. However, it is worth noting that IPN exhibits considerable individual variability and complex treatment processes. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss surgical treatment strategies for IPN to offer clinical practitioners a reference for relevant management.